The infrared in the atmosphere is emitted by the gas molecules that compose it, not by the atoms on the Earth's surface.

 

Author; Rogelio Pérez C

Abstract

Climate change can be summarized as the increase in heat on the planet, which is measured by knowing the air temperature; this work makes a difference between heat and temperature.in relation to the temperature of the atmosphere we can say that we can see and measure it, due to the infrared light emitted by the molecules of the air, due to its kinetic movements, but the heat we cannot see, because it only exists when molecules of different systems interact at different speeds or temperatures, in other words heat is a collision between molecules of different systems, and depends on the number of molecules, and the speed of these, for example, heat transferred by molecules in an atmosphere layer with 1% air at 15°C, and heat transferred by molecules in an atmosphere layer with 75% air at 15°C are different. What is the energy that causes all molecules in the atmosphere to have a certain velocity or temperature and emit infrared light? For this answer, the theory of global warming caused by the absorption of ultraviolet light from the sun by oxygen from the atmosphere should be taken into account.(1)

Introduction

There is a global problem called climate change or global warming, which consists of an increase in the temperature of the planet, which is reflected in a greater transfer of heat from the air molecules of the atmosphere to all the molecules and atoms that make up the different bodies or systems that are inside the planet. This work tries to explain that the infrared in the atmosphere is the light emitted by the molecules of the gases that compose it due to their kinetic movements and no infrared light emitted by atoms on earth and retained by certain gases in the atmosphere, which is known as the greenhouse effect. Now the average of this kinetic movement of molecules, allows us to measure the temperature. Temperature differs from heat, because heat is the transfer of the movement of molecules, when they interact or collide with other molecules of other systems that are at different speeds or temperatures, and it depends on the amount of matter, in other words the more matter at the same temperature, the higher the heat.

Scientific theory:

The greenhouse effect is a process in which thermal radiation emitted by the planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs) and radiated in all directions. As part of this radiation is returned to the Earth's surface and lower atmosphere, resulting in an increase in the average surface temperature compared to what would be in the absence of GHGs. (2)

One part of the solar radiation that reaches Earth passes through the atmosphere, is reflected back into space; another reaches the ground and warms it. It emits heat (infrared radiation) and warms the atmosphere, since the heat is retained by the greenhouse gases. (3)

Without this natural greenhouse effect, the equilibrium temperature of the Earth would be about -18 °C. However, the average temperature of the earth's surface is about 14 °C, a difference close to 32 °C that gives us an idea of the magnitude of efecto. (4)

Heat, is thermal energy transferred from a hotter system to a cooler system that are in contact. (5)

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system.

We can calculate the heat released or absorbed using the specific heat capacity C, end the mass of the substance m, and the change in temperature ΔT, end text in the equation:

q=m×C×ΔT. (6)

Development;

We have learned that heat on the planet is caused by the infrared retention effect of certain gases in the atmosphere called greenhouse gases, but this work shows that infrared is light and not heat, in addition, infrared and heat are caused by the molecules of the different gases that make up the atmosphere, due to their own kinetic movements, and not by the kinetic movement of the atoms of the Earth system.

Heat is the transfer of energy from the speeds at which atoms or molecules of one system move, when it collides with the atoms and molecules of another system, and has nothing to do with infrared light, but with the amount of matter that transfers energy. In other words, temperature is the speed at which a vehicle travels, and heat is the amount of energy that transfers matter from that vehicle in a collision, for example, the matter of a bicycle at 80k/h will transfer less kinetic energy or heat than the matter of a bus at 80k/h.

There is a big difference between traveling at 80k/h, (temperature), than crashing at 80k/h. (heat).

In relation to the amount of heat depending on the mass of the vehicle, it is not the same to receive the heat of the mass of a bicycle at 80k / h, than the mass of a bus at the same speed, produces more caloric energy the mass of the bus.

What is the energy that causes all molecules in the atmosphere to have a certain velocity or temperature and emit infrared light? For this answer, the theory of global warming caused by the absorption of ultraviolet light from the sun by oxygen from the atmosphere should be taken into account.

Conclusión

In the problem of climate change the infrared emitted by the sun, the earth or the atmosphere is not heat is light, and in the sun it is emitted by the atoms that make up this star, on earth it is originated by the atoms of the earth, and in the atmosphere it is originated by the molecules of the gases that make up the air

The infrared shows us the speed at which molecules move in the system (temperature), and heat consists of the amount of energy that is transferred, when atoms and molecules of a system collide with atoms or molecules of other systems. That is why it is a mistake to explain global warming as a retention of infrared light by certain gases in the atmosphere, rather it should be because of the amount of energy that all molecules in the air receive to be able to increase their kinetic movements or velocities (temperature) which results in a greater transfer of kinetic energy from the atoms and molecules of the atmosphere, with the atoms and molecules of other systems when they come into contact.

Bibliography

1- https://rogelioperez1sep.blogspot.com/2018/09/title-climate-change-is-caused-by.html

2-         Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

3-         Taking the Earth’s Temperature». American Chemical Society

Atmospheres (en inglés) 118 (8): 3213-3217. ISSN 2169-8996. doi:10.1002/jgrd.50359.

4-         Jones, P. D.; Harpham, C. (2013). «Estimation of the absolute surface air temperature of the Earth». Journal of Geophysical Research.

CHAPTER 7. THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT». acmg.seas.harvard.edu.

 

5-    https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/thermodynamics-chemistry/internal-energy-sal/a/heat

6-         https://www.khanacademy.org/science/c